HUMAN HEALTH & DISEASE (NEET)

HEALTH

A Person who is free from disease is not considered to be healthy, but a person who is Physically, Mentally & Socially fit is considered to be healthy.

Many factors influence the health of a person, it includes:

• Balanced diet
• Regular exercise
• Personal hygiene
• Awareness about disease
• Immunization
• Proper disposal of wastes.

DISEASE

When the functioning of organs of the body or any body part is adversely affected it is characterized by various signs and symptoms and this is known as Disease.

CATEGORIES OF DISEASE

The disease can be broadly categorized into 2 parts:

1. CONGENITAL DISEASE: The diseases that are present at the time of birth due to metabolic disorder in the development.
2. ACQUIRED DISEASE : The diseases which develop in the course of the life is termed as congenital disease. It is further of 2 types:
   1. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
   2. NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE:

The diseases that can be transmitted from one source to another either directly or indirectly through different agents or toxins is called Communicable Diseases.

NON -COMMUNICABLE DISEASES:

The diseases which do not spread from person to person. It include all the Acquired diseases.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

It is a branch of Medical Science that deals with the study of distribution of disease in a human population.

DISEASE CAUSING AGENTS

• PHYSICAL AGENT
  • Temperature
  • Pressure
  • Humidity
• CHEMICAL AGENTS
  • ENDOGENOUS
    • HORMONES
    • UREA
  • EXOGENOUS
    • DUST
    • POLLUTANTS
• MECHANICAL AGENTS
• NUTRITIONAL AGENTS
• BIOLOGICAL AGENTS

TRANSMISSION OF DISEASE

The transmission of disease can be direct or indirect.

DIRECT TRANSMISSION

It includes

• Contact with infected persons
• Animal bite
• Contact with soil
• Through Placenta
• Droplet Infection

INDIRECT TRANSMISSION

• ARTHROPOD VECTORS
• AIRBORNE METHOD
• HUMAN CARRIERS