Class 9th – Connective Tissue – Bone

BONE

• Bone is a connective tissue.
• It forms the framework that supports the whole body.
• It also anchors the different muscles and supports all the main organs of the body.
• It is a strong and non-flexible tissue.
• Matrix: hard matrix and is composed of calcium and phosphorus compounds.
• It consists of  
  • Tendon
  • Ligament
  • Cartilage
  • Areolar
  • Adipose

TENDONS

• Tendons connect muscles to bones.
• Fibrous tissue with great strength but limited flexibility.
• Made up of collagen (collagen is a type of protein).

LIGAMENT

• Ligament connects bone to bone.
• Elastic in nature i.e. are flexible in nature.
• It has considerable strength.
• Contains very little matrix.

CARTILAGE

• Matrix: solid matrix, composed of proteins and sugars.
• Present at the end of long bones and joints.
• Have flexibility.
• It smoothens bone surfaces.
• Present in the trachea, larynx, nose, eyes, pinna of ear.

AREOLAR

• Loose connective tissue.
• It is found between the skin and muscles.
• It fills the space inside the organs.
• Helps in repair of tissues.
• Supports the entire internal organ.

ADIPOSE

• Loose connective tissue.
• Found below the skin and between internal organs.
• The cells of this tissue are filled with fat globules.
• Acts as insulator for the body, it means higher the adipose tissue less resistant to cold thus insulate the body
• Adipose tissue helps to store energy in the form of fat.

Functions of bone as a connective tissue:

• Helps in insulation
• Helps in energy storing.
• Helps in repair of tissues.
• Give support.
• Storing reserve fuel in the form of fats.